6 Month Old Baby Have Only One Scrotum
Is This Data Right for Me?
If you lot meet all of the following, this information is for you:
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Your child'south doctor* has told you lot that your child has an undescended testicle or testicles. This happens when one or both testicles do non drop down into the scrotum before birth. This status is called "cryptorchidism" (pronounced crip-TOR-kid-iz-um).
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You want to know what researchers have found nigh treatment options for undescended testicles.
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Your child has not yet gone through puberty. The data in this summary is from research on boys before puberty.
What will this summary encompass?
This summary will embrace:
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What information technology ways to have undescended testicles
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Treatment options for children with undescended testicles
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What researchers have found about how well the treatments work
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Possible side effects of the treatments
This summary can help you talk with your kid'southward doc almost what treatment might be right for your child.
Where did the information come from?
Researchers funded by the Agency for Healthcare Inquiry and Quality (AHRQ), a Federal Government research bureau, reviewed 60 studies on treatments for undescended testicles published between 1980 and February 2012. The written report was reviewed by clinicians, researchers, experts, and the public. You tin can read the report at world wide web.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/undescended-testicle.cfm.
Understanding Your Child'south Condition
What are undescended testicles?
Testicles are the two small brawl-shaped organs inside the scrotum (the sac of peel below the penis) that brand male hormones and sperm. An undescended testicle happens when one or both of a kid's testicles do not drop down into the scrotum before nascency. This condition is called "cryptorchidism."
When a baby boy develops in his mother's womb, the testicles form in the babe'southward abdomen (abdomen). Right before birth, the testicles drop downwardly (descend) into the scrotum.
In some babies, ane or both testicles exercise non drop down like they should. Undescended testicles may exist in the belly or groin area. It is also possible for a baby to be born without i or both testicles. Undescended testicles could be healthy and work normally. Sometimes, however, undescended testicles do not develop correctly and do not work similar they should.
Doctors do non know what causes undescended testicles. But, they are not caused by annihilation the mother did during pregnancy.
In 7 out of every 10 babies built-in with undescended testicles, the undescended testicles will drop down into the correct position earlier the baby is six months onetime. If your child's testicles do non drop by then, information technology is important to talk with your child'south physician virtually treatment options.
How mutual are undescended testicles?
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Out of every 100 full-term male person babies, 3 are born with undescended testicles.
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Out of every 100 male babies born prematurely (too early on), up to 30 are built-in with undescended testicles.
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Out of every 100 boys with undescended testicles, the undescended testicle cannot be constitute in up to 5.
What problems could an undescended testicle cause?
A testicle that does not drop into the correct place in the scrotum could become damaged. This could atomic number 82 to infertility (not beingness able to have children) subsequently in life or to other medical problems.
Men who have had undescended testicles (one or both and whether treated or not) may have an increased risk for testicular cancer. Information technology is important for men and teenage boys who have had this status to examine their testicles each calendar month to feel for lumps or other signs of tumors or issues.
Agreement Your Options
How are undescended testicles treated?
The goal of handling is to bring undescended testicles down into the correct place in the scrotum. If your child's testicle has not descended by the time your child is 6 months old, you lot should talk with your kid'southward doctor about treatment options. The doctor volition likely recommend surgery. Rarely, hormonal handling may be an pick.
It is best to treat undescended testicles while your child is however very young—betwixt six months and 1 twelvemonth of historic period.
Surgery
Your child'due south md will likely suggest surgery (either orchiopexy or FS orchiopexy) to motion your child'south undescended testicle down into the scrotum.
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Orchiopexy: If your child'due south undescended testicle is depression in the belly or in the groin, the testicle can be moved to the scrotum in a surgery called an "orchiopexy" (pronounced OR-kee-oh-PEK-encounter).
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FS Orchiopexy: If your child's undescended testicle is high in the abdomen, the blood vessels attached to the testicle might not exist long enough to reach down into the scrotum. In this case, the surgeon will need to do a unlike blazon of surgery. This surgery is called a "Fowler-Stephens" (or FS) orchiopexy. Information technology can exist done in 2 means:
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One-step surgery: a single surgery
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Two-stride surgery: 2 separate surgeries done at least 6 months apart
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Open Surgery or Laparoscopic Surgery
Orchiopexy and FS orchiopexy can be done equally either open surgery or laparoscopic (pronounced lah-puh-ruh-SKAHP-ik) surgery (see below for a description of each). If your child'due south undescended testicle is in the groin, the surgeon will do open surgery. If the surgeon is unsure of where the testicle is or cannot find it, laparoscopic surgery tin can be done to meet if the testicle is in the abdomen. If the testicle is found in the belly, the surgeon may do either open up or laparoscopic surgery to movement it down into the scrotum.
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Open surgery: The surgeon makes a cutting in your child's belly or groin and scrotum to practise the surgery.
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Laparoscopic surgery: The surgeon uses a tool called a laparoscope (pronounced LAH-pruh-skohp) for the surgery. A laparoscope is a sparse tube with a tiny camera that the surgeon puts through modest cuts in your child's abdomen along with other pocket-sized tools to do the surgery. The laparoscope lets the surgeon see inside your child'due south body to practise the surgery without having to brand big cuts.
The blazon of surgery your kid needs depends on the location of the undescended testicle. Your child's doctor tin can tell you which type of surgery your child needs.
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| Location of the undescended testicle: | Type of surgery: |
|---|---|
| Groin | Open orchiopexy |
| Low in the abdomen | Open or laparoscopic orchiopexy |
| High in the belly | 1-pace open or laparoscopic FS orchiopexy or Two-step open or laparoscopic FS orchiopexy |
What have researchers establish virtually how well surgery works to treat undescended testicles?
Researchers found that surgery works well to bring undescended testicles downwards into the scrotum. Sometimes though, the testicle can get damaged during surgery, causing it to no longer work.
The nautical chart beneath shows how successful each type of surgery is. Information technology besides shows how often testicles get damaged in each type of surgery.
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| Surgery type: | This type of surgery is done when: | This surgery is successful in: | Testicles get damaged during this blazon of surgery in: |
|---|---|---|---|
| Orchiopexy | The undescended testicle is low in the abdomen or in the groin and the blood vessels are long enough to reach into the scrotum | 96 of 100 boys | 2 of 100 boys |
| One-stride FS orchiopexy † | The undescended testicle is high in the belly and the blood vessels are not long enough to reach into the scrotum | 78 of 100 boys | 28 of 100 boys* |
| Two-step FS orchiopexy † | 86 of 100 boys | 8 of 100 boys* | |
| Researchers too found: | |||
| Open up surgery and laparoscopic surgery appear to work just as well every bit each other for undescended testicles in the belly, simply more than research is needed to know for sure. | |||
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In that location is not enough research comparison one-step with two-footstep FS orchiopexy to know which might work best.
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More than research is needed to know this for sure.
What are the possible side effects of surgery to treat undescended testicles?
Surgery to treat undescended testicles is generally safe, and complications are rare. But there are possible side effects with whatsoever surgery, including:
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Bleeding
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Infection
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Injury to blood vessels
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Injury to organs (such as the testicles, the spermatic cords attached to each testicle, the float, or others)
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Risks of general anesthesia, such as pneumonia, heart attack, or stroke, although these are rare
It is as well possible for the testicle to go back upwardly into the groin or belly after surgery. If this happens, another surgery may be needed to bring the testicle dorsum down or to remove information technology.
Will surgery to treat undescended testicles affect my child'south fertility?
Men who had surgery as a child to care for one undescended testicle unremarkably do non have problems with fertility (the ability to have children). Men who had surgery as a child to treat two undescended testicles are more likely to have bug with fertility than men who had only i undescended testicle.
Hormonal Handling
Hormonal treatment is some other option to care for undescended testicles in particular cases, merely it is rarely used. If your child'south testicle is shut to the scrotum, the doc may suggest hormonal treatment to endeavor to go the testicle to drib downwardly. The hormone used is called hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin). This hormone comes as a shot that the doctor gives your kid 2 to four times a calendar week for 4 or more weeks.
What have researchers institute nigh how well hormonal treatment works?
Researchers found that hormonal handling with hCG may work slightly better than no hormonal treatment in boys whose testicles are almost the scrotum. Simply, more enquiry is needed to know for certain if hormonal handling works. If hormonal handling works, information technology is withal possible for the testicle to go back upwardly into the groin or belly. There is not enough research to know how ofttimes this happens.
Note: If hormonal treatment does not piece of work or if your child's testicle is far from the scrotum, the physician volition likely propose surgery to bring the undescended testicle down into the scrotum.
If your child has a hernia (when part of the intestine or abdomen fat pokes through an opening in the groin muscles) with his undescended testicle, he may need surgery.
What are the possible side effects of hormonal treatment?
Possible side effects of hCG hormonal handling for undescended testicles are listed below. Not every child who is treated with hCG will have side effects. Side effects usually go away when treatment ends. Only, researchers do non know if hormonal treatment may cause other problems as an adult such every bit not being able to have children.
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Headache
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Irritability
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Restlessness
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Depression
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Tiredness
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Swelling in the legs, ankles, and feet
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Breast growth
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Enlarged penis
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Pubic or armpit hair growth
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Erections
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Ambitious behavior
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Pain where the shot was given
What are the costs of treatments for undescended testicles?
The costs to you for surgery or hormonal treatments depend on your health insurance.
Making a Decision
What should I call back about when deciding?
At that place are many things to think near when deciding which treatment might be best for your kid. Yous may want to talk with your child's doctor nigh:
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Whether surgery or hormonal treatment could assistance your child
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The possible benefits and side effects of the handling
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The costs of the treatment
Ask your medico
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What would happen if my kid receives no handling?
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At what historic period should my kid go treatment?
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What is the best treatment pick for my child?
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If my kid has surgery, which type of surgery would he need?
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Would open or laparoscopic surgery be better for my child?
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What possible side furnishings should I watch for?
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How will nosotros care for whatsoever side furnishings my child has?
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How long will it have my child to recover from surgery?
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What activities should my child avoid correct after surgery?
Sources
The information in this summary comes from the study Evaluation and Handling of Cryptorchidism, Dec 2012. The report was produced by the Vanderbilt Evidence-Based Do Middle through funding by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ).
For a copy of the report, or for more information about AHRQ and the Effective Health Care Program, go to www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/undescended-testicle.cfm.
Additional information came from the MedlinePlus® Web site, a service of the National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes of Health. This site is available at www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus.
This summary was prepared by the John Thou. Eisenberg Center for Clinical Decisions and Communications Science at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. Parents or caregivers of children with undescended testicles reviewed this summary.
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In this summary, the term "md" refers to your child's health care professional, including your child's pediatrician, pediatric urologist (a doctor who treats children with conditions of the genitals or urinary tract), surgeon, nurse practitioner, or doc assistant.
Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK164535/
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